Which imaging modality is commonly used to diagnose hydatidiform mole?

Which imaging modality is commonly used to diagnose hydatidiform mole?

• A. Ultrasound
• B. MRI
• C. CT scan
• D. X-ray

Answer: (A)

Ultrasound is the go-to imaging test for diagnosing hydatidiform mole because it can visualize the placenta and any fetal tissue safely and clearly, without radiation. In a complete mole, the uterus is often enlarged for dates and there is no viable fetus; instead, the placental tissue forms a diffuse, edematous mass with many small cystic spaces, producing the classic “snowstorm” pattern on ultrasound. This finding reflects clusters of hydropic villi and is highly characteristic. Thecal-lutein cysts in the ovaries may also be seen due to high hCG levels. Transvaginal ultrasound improves early detection and accuracy. In a partial mole, fetal parts may be present but with an abnormal placenta and other signs of placental villous invasion, though the hallmark still centers on placental tissue visualization rather than a normal pregnancy. Other imaging modalities like MRI, CT, or X-ray aren’t first-line for diagnosing the mole itself and are used selectively (for example, to assess extent or metastasis). Ultrasound remains the most practical, informative choice for initial diagnosis.

Ultrasound is the go-to imaging test for diagnosing hydatidiform mole because it can visualize the placenta and any fetal tissue safely and clearly, without radiation. In a complete mole, the uterus is often enlarged for dates and there is no viable fetus; instead, the placental tissue forms a diffuse, edematous mass with many small cystic spaces, producing the classic “snowstorm” pattern on ultrasound. This finding reflects clusters of hydropic villi and is highly characteristic. Thecal-lutein cysts in the ovaries may also be seen due to high hCG levels. Transvaginal ultrasound improves early detection and accuracy. In a partial mole, fetal parts may be present but with an abnormal placenta and other signs of placental villous invasion, though the hallmark still centers on placental tissue visualization rather than a normal pregnancy. Other imaging modalities like MRI, CT, or X-ray aren’t first-line for diagnosing the mole itself and are used selectively (for example, to assess extent or metastasis). Ultrasound remains the most practical, informative choice for initial diagnosis.