Virchow's triad components include which of the following?

Virchow's triad components include which of the following?

• A. Endothelial damage
• B. Hypotension
• C. Hyperglycemia
• D. Dehydration

Answer: (A)

Endothelial damage is one of the factors that promote thrombosis. Virchow's triad identifies three contributors to clot formation: injury to the vessel endothelium, abnormal blood flow (stasis or turbulence), and a hypercoagulable state. When the endothelium is damaged, subendothelial collagen and tissue factor become exposed, platelets adhere, and the coagulation cascade is activated, tipping the balance toward clot formation. The other listed factors do not form part of the triad themselves, though dehydration or metabolic conditions can influence flow or vascular health and thereby affect thrombosis risk.

Endothelial damage is one of the factors that promote thrombosis. Virchow's triad identifies three contributors to clot formation: injury to the vessel endothelium, abnormal blood flow (stasis or turbulence), and a hypercoagulable state. When the endothelium is damaged, subendothelial collagen and tissue factor become exposed, platelets adhere, and the coagulation cascade is activated, tipping the balance toward clot formation. The other listed factors do not form part of the triad themselves, though dehydration or metabolic conditions can influence flow or vascular health and thereby affect thrombosis risk.