Riboflavin deficiency presents with which Oral-Ocular-Genital syndrome signs?

Riboflavin deficiency presents with which Oral-Ocular-Genital syndrome signs?

• A. Vitamin A deficiency
• B. Niacin deficiency
• C. Riboflavin deficiency
• D. Vitamin D deficiency

Answer: (C)

Oral-ocular-genital syndrome is a classic presentation of riboflavin (vitamin B2) deficiency. Riboflavin is a key part of flavoproteins needed for energy production and for maintaining the mucous membranes and ocular surfaces. When levels are low, mucocutaneous tissues become inflamed, leading to angular cheilitis and stomatitis in the mouth, glossitis, and eye symptoms like photophobia and conjunctival irritation with possible corneal changes. Genital skin can also show dermatitis in this deficiency. Other vitamin deficiencies present different patterns: vitamin A deficiency mainly causes night blindness and Bitot spots; niacin deficiency causes pellagra with dermatitis in sun-exposed areas, diarrhea, and dementia; vitamin D deficiency leads to bone problems such as rickets or osteomalacia. Therefore the oral-ocular-genital triad best fits riboflavin deficiency.

Oral-ocular-genital syndrome is a classic presentation of riboflavin (vitamin B2) deficiency. Riboflavin is a key part of flavoproteins needed for energy production and for maintaining the mucous membranes and ocular surfaces. When levels are low, mucocutaneous tissues become inflamed, leading to angular cheilitis and stomatitis in the mouth, glossitis, and eye symptoms like photophobia and conjunctival irritation with possible corneal changes. Genital skin can also show dermatitis in this deficiency. Other vitamin deficiencies present different patterns: vitamin A deficiency mainly causes night blindness and Bitot spots; niacin deficiency causes pellagra with dermatitis in sun-exposed areas, diarrhea, and dementia; vitamin D deficiency leads to bone problems such as rickets or osteomalacia. Therefore the oral-ocular-genital triad best fits riboflavin deficiency.