For acute angina management, MONA is the initial approach. Which of the following is NOT part of MONA?

For acute angina management, MONA is the initial approach. Which of the following is NOT part of MONA?

• A. Morphine
• B. Metoprolol
• C. Oxygen
• D. Nitroglycerin

Answer: (B)

MONA stands for Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, and Aspirin, used in the immediate management of acute angina/ACS to rapidly relieve pain, improve oxygen delivery, dilate coronary vessels, and inhibit platelet aggregation. Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, is not part of this initial MONA sequence. Beta-blockers are important in ACS to reduce heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand, but they’re typically added after initial stabilization and not considered part of the MONA quartet. The other components address urgent symptoms and ischemia right away: Morphine for analgesia and anxiolysis, Oxygen for hypoxemia, Nitroglycerin for vasodilation and preload reduction, and Aspirin for antiplatelet effect.

MONA stands for Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, and Aspirin, used in the immediate management of acute angina/ACS to rapidly relieve pain, improve oxygen delivery, dilate coronary vessels, and inhibit platelet aggregation. Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, is not part of this initial MONA sequence. Beta-blockers are important in ACS to reduce heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand, but they’re typically added after initial stabilization and not considered part of the MONA quartet. The other components address urgent symptoms and ischemia right away: Morphine for analgesia and anxiolysis, Oxygen for hypoxemia, Nitroglycerin for vasodilation and preload reduction, and Aspirin for antiplatelet effect.